![]() In some cases, your cat may require long-term medication to control the underlying cause. The prognosis for full recovery depends upon the cause of the anisocoria. Your veterinarian will discuss the treatment options that are appropriate for your cat's individual circumstances. The treatment of anisocoria depends entirely on the underlying cause of the condition, and specific treatment will be tailored specifically to the diagnosis. In some cases, your veterinarian may recommend a referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist for further diagnostic testing. Blood tests may be performed to determine if the condition is related to a systemic condition such as feline leukemia. The cornea may be stained with fluorescein dye to look for underlying corneal injuries or ulcers, and conjunctival scrapings or biopsies may be obtained and sent to a diagnostic laboratory for specialized testing. Depending on these preliminary findings, your veterinarian may do some further, more specific testing, such as measure the tear production and intraocular pressure (pressure within the eyes) for each eye. Your veterinarian will begin by conducting a physical examination of your cat, including a detailed examination of the structures of the eye. How is the cause of anisocoria diagnosed? In other cases, depending on the underlying cause, the white part of the affected eye might be red, the cornea (the outer surface of the eye) might be cloudy or bluish in color, there might be a discharge from the eye, the eyelid on the affected eye might be droopy, the cat might be squinting or rubbing at its eye, or the cat may be less active than usual. In some cases, that might be all that you notice. In all cases of anisocoria, the pupil in one eye will be bigger or smaller than the one in the other eye. ![]() If anisocoria occurs suddenly, you should consider this an emergency situation and seek veterinary care immediately to lessen the chance that your cat's vision will be permanently affected. Other infectious diseases such as feline immunodeficiency virus or toxoplasmosis.Spastic pupil syndrome - a syndrome that may be associated with feline leukemia virus infection.Congenital defect of the iris, in which the iris tissue does not develop properly.Iris atrophy (a decrease in the amount of tissue within the iris) usually a degenerative change associated with aging.Scar tissue formation between the iris and the lens (called posterior synechia), a condition that may develop following uveitis.Uveitis, or inflammation of the interior of the eye (the pupil in the affected eye will usually be constricted).Glaucoma, a disease in which there is increased pressure within the eye (the pupil in the affected eye will be dilated).Disease or injury to the brain or to the nerves running to the affected eye, such as Horner’s syndrome.In some cases, the abnormal pupil may be the one that is smaller and in other cases the abnormal pupil may be the one that is larger.Īnisocoria is a sign of a disease of condition, therefore there can be several different causes, including: What is anisocoria?Īnisocoria is a condition in which the pupils of the cat's eyes are different sizes in other words, one pupil is larger than the other. The pupil constricts or dilates (enlarges) according to the amount of light that enters the eyes, with both pupils normally dilating in dim light and constricting in bright light. This review discusses the differential diagnosis of a large pupil (anisocoria more obvious in the light) and a small pupil (anisocoria more obvious in the dark), and discusses the relevant afferent pupillary defect, in which there is no anisocoria but both pupils react differently depending on which eye is illuminated.In cats, the pupil is an elliptically-shaped opening in the middle of the iris that allows light to pass through the eye to the retina. The aim is to provide clinicians with confidence when encountering patients with anisocoria.Īnisocoria can imply serious underlying pathology, so accurate pupil testing and astute observation are paramount. This review examines the anatomy of the pupillary pathway, and provides a structured approach to examination of the pupils. Examination of the pupils is therefore a crucial part of any eye examination.Īs a clinician, it is important to determine whether a patient with anisocoria can be reassured or requires referral for further investigation. Importantly, anisocoria can indicate underlying disease of the eye, orbit, brain, neck or chest. Unequal pupils (anisocoria) may be physiological, pathological or pharmacological.
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